Linguistic Story in Former SFRY
Serbia and Montenegro gained the official name of the state as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the process of transformation of the country formerly known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest part of the former Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and consists of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the protectorate of the UN from 1999. Language policy and manipulations of time, title status and names of different tongues played an important role in the numerous ethnical conflicts that happened from 1990 till 1999 and it is yet a super delicate problem in the total territory of the Balkans. Quality Italian translators
The state tongue of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the territory of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the population); the same judicial status is allowed to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, although the latest is preferred for Serbian state administration. Minority languages, that are also in governmental use in the regions where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census info of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, approximated at 286 500 speakers), Bosnian (134 500 speakers), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 natives), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority tongues are used at all levels of education: in primary schools, high schools, and at colleges and universities. The first linguistic consequence of the political and ethnic processes of the 1990s is that the language that previously was officially named Serbo-Croat has received several new nationally and politically grounded titles. As a result, the names Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnianare governmentally determined and refer to the same tongue with acceptable slight changes. The language has two major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
But, in general, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the nationally based names.
The language situation in Kosovo is less clear now, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, predominantly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their places. This fact makes the numbers of speakers reported unreliable. These days, by the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the citizens of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: from English into Greek translation
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern developments to introduce the name Montenegrin, either equal to or instead of the term Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the one language that was called Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a subject of governmental decisions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman spelling are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro demonstrate that around 401 500, or 60% of the inhabitants of Montenegro, declare themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, some 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak other languages.